Environment & earth science
Global Human Settlement Layer
ghsl.jrc.ec.europa.eu
Environment & earth sciencefree
EU JRC grids tracking built-up land and population worldwide across decades. The technical report PDFs import cleanly and explain each layer's methodology.
GHSL tracks built-up land and population in consistent grid form across decades, which supports a notebook question about how a specific place has urbanized over time rather than a single snapshot. The technical report PDFs explain each layer's derivation clearly enough to ground a claim about where the numbers came from. Because the layers are satellite- and model-derived, accuracy varies by region and resolution.
Import into Gemini Notebook
- 1Copy the link above (or a specific page from the site).
- 2In your notebook, click Add source → Website.
- 3Paste the link and confirm — several links can be pasted at once, one per line.
Raw climate and geodata rarely imports directly — bring in the documentation, technical reports and summary pages instead of the datasets themselves.
More environment & earth science sources
- Copernicus Climate Data StoreEU climate reanalysis and projection datasets such as ERA5. Raw data needs processing first; the dataset documentation pages import as sources.
- CORINE Land CoverEuropean land-cover maps in 44 classes, tracked since 1990. The GIS data itself won't import; use the product documentation and technical reports.
- EarthChem Data ServicesOpen geochemistry, geochronology and petrology datasets from the earth science community. Good grounding for rock and sediment chemistry questions.
- EMODnet Digital BathymetrySeafloor depth model for Europe's sea basins built from thousands of surveys. The documentation pages work as sources for marine mapping projects.
- FAOSTATUN statistics on crops, livestock, land use and food security for 245 countries, with free downloads back to 1961. Strong grounding for agriculture research.
- GBIFOpen records of where species have been observed worldwide — hundreds of millions of occurrences. Species and dataset pages cite the original surveys.
- GEBCO – General Bathymetric Chart of the OceansThe standard global ocean depth grid, free to download. Its documentation and cookbook pages ground questions about seafloor mapping.
- International Energy Agency DataEnergy production, consumption, and emissions statistics by country. Free report PDFs and data explorers; full datasets require a license.
- International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) DataCore samples, borehole logs, and site data from decades of scientific ocean drilling. Expedition reports are open-access and import well as PDFs.
- IPCC Data Distribution CentreClimate scenario data and socio-economic baselines behind IPCC assessments. Pair its guidance documents with the assessment reports for a grounded climate notebook.
- IRIS / EarthScope Data ServicesOpen seismic waveform archives and station metadata for global earthquake research. Tutorials and data product pages work well as web sources.
- ISC BulletinReviewed global earthquake catalogue reaching back to 1900, with relocated hypocentres. Event pages have stable URLs that work as Website sources.
- NASA EarthdataGateway to NASA's satellite and field observations of Earth. Dataset landing pages and user guides make solid sources for remote-sensing notebooks.
- National Weather ServiceOfficial US forecasts, warnings, and climate records. Storm summaries and climate report pages import well for weather-event research.
- NOAA NCEIThe US archive of climate, ocean, and geophysical records. Monthly climate reports and station data exports ground climate-trend notebooks in real numbers.
- Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS)UNESCO-backed records of where marine species live and in what numbers. Export occurrence data as CSV to ground marine ecology notebooks.
- OneGeology PortalInteractive map layering geological survey data from countries worldwide. Best paired with survey publications, since the maps themselves don't import.
- PANGAEAEarth and environmental science data repository with DOIs. Each dataset's landing page carries methods and metadata that ground climate and ocean research well.
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationUS energy numbers: production, consumption, prices, and forecasts. The Annual Energy Outlook PDFs work especially well as notebook sources.
- USGS EarthExplorerPortal for Landsat scenes, aerial photos, and land-cover products. The imagery itself won't import, but scene metadata and docs support remote-sensing work.
- USGS Earthquake CatalogSearchable record of earthquakes worldwide, historical through near real-time. Filter by magnitude, date, and region, then export events as CSV.
- USGS National Geologic Map Database (NGMDB)Archive of US geologic maps, reports, and stratigraphic names. Many older survey publications are scanned PDFs that upload straight into a notebook.
- USGS The National MapDownloadable US elevation, hydrography, and topographic layers. The user guides and layer documentation make useful GIS reference sources.
- World Bank Climate Change Knowledge PortalHistorical and projected climate variables by country, plus risk profiles. The country climate summaries work well as Website sources.
- World Ocean AtlasNOAA climatologies of ocean temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrients. The atlas documentation PDFs are the part worth importing.
- WorldClimGridded global climate layers, historical and future scenarios, for ecology and GIS modeling. Import the methods pages to document your variables.